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I think I mentioned it in another thread, but solid cover should just reduce the 'size' of the target. Fog, mist, vegetation might obscure the target, equivalent to a firing in dark conditions, but a separate independent factor....
Maybe, but what if the weapon is strong enough to penetrate the cover? How do you know if it would still have hit the target and how much damage will it do once it gets through? And what about magical attacks that could wash over the entire area?
I would suggest giving cover an AF and some HP. For timber, AF is 1 and 1 HP per centimetre of thickness. For stone make this three and for steel 10. If your favourite Assassin is cowering behind a 3cm thick oak door and somebody fires a ballista (2d8, 10) at him that door will knock off 3 points of damage and when the AB roll is made our assassin gets to add 3 points to his AF to see if the huge arrow is stopped altogether.
Consider the firestorm (Luke 12:27). Arnohld the 5th rank barbarian is hiding behind a thin stone wall (2cm) which is covering 75% of his body when the evil sorcerer Cohaagen lobs the famous level 9 spell at him. The damage rolled is 22, 75% of which goes to the wall (16 points) and the rest (6) goes straight to Arnohld. Of the 16 points that went to the wall, 6 points is aborbed before a hole is blasted through (the wall's AF is not effective against Firestorm), meaning our hairy friend takes the balance (10). Overall, Arnold takes 16 points of damage, which he can survive, rather than 22, which he can't. Also we have a wonderfully descriptive gaming experience where our badly charred friend is now squatting by a glowing pile of rubble which used to be a section of wall.
For soft concealment, you could approach it from the "invisible sorcerer" angle, and apply a modifier of between 1 and 7 for slight to total cover.
Other thoughts to follow maybe...
Cheers,
-Kyle